The Siege Of Alesia, By Julius Caesar Essay - 2538 Words

The Siege of Alesia, also known by the name Battle of Alesia, led by Julius Caesar of the Roman Republic against Vercingetorix of the Gallic tribes, was a very influential battle apart of the Gallic Wars that took place in what is known today as Alise-Sainte-Reine in France. These wars started with the Conquest of Gaul in 52 B.C.E. by Julius Caesar, who began all of the fighting because of the threat that he had perceived from the Gallic threat to Italy, specifically Rome. He was appointed as the governor to the Cisalpine and Transalpine Gauls with absolute authority. Over time he slowly conquered the Gallic tribes known as the Helvetii, Belgae, and Nervii, which brought in a lot of money because of a larger amount to tax. With this success and huge gain in money also came enemies like Marcus Porcius Cato who began campaigns to overthrow Caesar. Caesar had run into trouble in his attempt to invade Britain, trouble being the Gauls led by Ambiorix, destroying Roman resources, about one -fourth of the Roman army, and a fairly large amount of the food supply, causing the Romans to go into a defense mode. Because of this change into a defensive stance the Gallic tribes noticed that they could regain independence from Rome with war, declaring Vercingetorix, a prince from the Arverni tribe from modern-day France, as one of the army commanders for the Gallic tribes who united to defeat Caesar. Vercingetorix beat Caesar at the Batlle of Gergovia with his guerilla warfare strategies,Show MoreRelatedThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar2075 Words   |  9 PagesJulius Caesar was and still is considered to be one of the greatest military generals in history. His combination of leadership skills, military genius, and speaking ability propelled him to the forefront of Roman society. Born on June 12/13 100 B.C., Caesar was born into an ancient aristocratic family. Around the age of 16 after his father had died, Caesar had joined the military. It was apparent from this time onward tha t Caesar was especially gifted in the arts of strategy and warfare. By theRead MoreRome, Father Of Western Civilization1634 Words   |  7 Pagesof names like Augustus, Constantine, Trajan, and of course Julius Caesar. These men did not accomplish their victories with their own bare hands, but with the loyalty and fervor of their men, their appendages. These men, are not unlike us today, they had families, friends, ambitions, and emotions, and despite how separated they may seem to us by time, and culture, they still bled for their nation, and their people. The men under Caesar, a professional, cold-blooded army didn’t start that way. InRead MoreThe Roman Empire Essay1216 Words   |  5 PagesGaul just north of Italy but it was filled with barbarians. There were three wealthy generals for Rome during that time Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Marcus Licinius Crassus. Julius Caesar got the hardest task of taking over Gaul, and it proved that Julius Caesar would be the greatest Roman general. Julius Caesar was facing barbaric people led by a former Roman who fought alongside Caesar. He used tactics he knew Romans had never seen before the tactics he used was called guerrilla warfare. That meant heRead MoreJulius Caesar And Aurelia Cotta2835 Words   |  12 Pages+ Born to Gaius Julius Marius Caesar and Aurelia Cotta in 13th of Quintilis (July) 100 B.C. was a baby that would change the history of Rome, Gaius Julius Caesar. Julius came from a family that was known to have the blood of both of kings who wield the greatest power amongst men, and the gods who in turn held power, even over Kings. When Julius was fifteen his father died and he became the man of the house, with links with the Populares through his first wife Cornelia and his aunt Julia, who had

Amitai Etzioni a New Community - 1322 Words

What is a community? To many it is a social group of any size whose members reside in a specific locality, share government, and often have a common cultural and historical heritage. For many this is an abstract term. Many people don’t exactly know what a community is. It can be felt or touched and sure enough it can’t be seen. Society also plays a role in this relative and abstract term of community. Meaning, the body of human beings generally, associated or viewed as members of a community. Amitai Etzioni in his article â€Å"The New Community† introduces and compares the ideas of two distinct types of social relations, â€Å"gemeinschaft† and â€Å"gesellschaft† and argues for the necessity of both to maintain the social foundations of morality. The†¦show more content†¦A community to me is people coming together and becoming united to help better the environment and the geography around them. Interpersonal relationships play an especial ly important role. This group’s relationship binds people together with the social glue of concord this means that relationships are viewed as real, organic and ends in themselves. People feel connected to others because they feel a unity of spirit and personal connection. Relationships are coreShow MoreRelatedTechnology and Cultures Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesModern society involves the transition of a new era: the transition is partly brought out through the use of cultural tradition, and through the production of new ideas and the invention of new techniques. The latter may be appropriated and adapted from outside a given culture in addition to what can be acquired from within the culture itself by way of exercise of the academic, evaluative, and adaptive capacities. A sustained interest in science is important for at least two reasons. 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Prison Rape Free Essays

string(70) " which ultimately make them more susceptible to creating more crimes\." Prison Rape is no secret in today’s society. The American media has portrayed prison rape as a joke (Don’t drop the soap) in countless films, television shows, and in music, but have not realized the extent of how dangerous this crime is. Some cops even use this method as a means to get a confession from a suspect. We will write a custom essay sample on Prison Rape or any similar topic only for you Order Now A major obstacle in solving Prison rape is the notorious under-reporting of the crime. Only 16 percent of prison rape victims report their victimization. Reasons for under reporting are fear of consequences, shame, guilt, embarrassment, and refuse to relive painful details. This paper explores prison rape and its psychological and physical harm to not only inmates, but to society as well. It also discusses recent efforts to put a stop to prison rape, such as the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 and The National Prison Rape Elimination Commission (NPREC) as well as organizations such as Just Detention International (JDI). Prison Rape is known as sexual intercourse through use of force, intimidation, and threats within prisons. Overcrowding and insufficient staffing are key contributors to prison rape. Most targets of prison sexual assault are young, small, non-violent, first-time offenders. A study of four mid-western states found that 1 in 5 inmates experience some form of pressure or coerced sexual contact while incarcerated. In most cases inmates sexually abuse other inmates. There are also less common cases where correction officers abuse inmates. Americans today tend to believe that this is much more prevalent in female prisons, however there is evidence that women are indeed raped by other female inmates as well and it can cause long term injuries. In a study pertaining to three Mid-western female prisons, 27 percent of the inmate population confessed to being sexually coerced. Although it is no secret male correction officers are sexually abusing female inmates, little to nothing has been done to reduce the male officer rate in female facilities. During Human Rights Watch’s examination of five prisons, the organization discovered that lesbian and transgendered inmates were more likely to be sexually assaulted by correctional officers. Officers target these groups because they want to enforce gender stereotypes. According to Calhoun and Coleman, inmates say about 20 percent of prison guards sexually coerce inmates. Inmates raped by correction officers usually do not report the crime because they are frequently disbelieved which only contributes to the problematic relationship between inmates and officers. According to the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Rape (PCAR): †¢Rates of HIV are 3 times higher inside prisons then outside of one. †¢Female inmates have been impregnated because of staff sexual abuse. Male rape survivors become much more violent upon release which may ever conclude in them raping others. †¢Many survivors blame themselves, †¢Experience psychological consequences. HIV is not the only disease common in prison rape. Rape victims are more susceptible to diseases such as Syphilis and Hepatitis then the outside community. The rate of Hepatitis C among the general population is 1. 8%, while 14% of New York’s prison population is infected with the disease. Even more so, 33% of California’s prison population is infected with the disease. It is obvious that the disease mentioned, are all sexually transmitted diseases (STD). The assault, anger, and violence in these attacks make these diseases so much more susceptible because there is blood and other bodily fluids being exchanged. Even inmates performing consensual sex in prison still have a higher rate of these diseases due to they lack of safe sex procedure such as condoms. This can have a major effect society as a whole because once a victim of prison rape is release, they can carry these diseases without even know and spreading it to the general public. I believe if there were educational programs about STDs and STD testing in prisons, there might be a good chance prison rape can decline. If a rapist is aware that STDs are more common in prisons rather then the public and that his actions can result in him contracting an STD, he might re consider raping another victim. Contrary to popular belief sexually transmitted diseases are not the only physical harm victims of prison rape endure. Many rape victims endure broken bones, broken noses, bruises, cuts, concussions, and the obvious genital injuries. Sexual assaults also increases violent behavior in prisons because inmates who feel like they may be a future target of sexually assault, defend themselves, and lash out in these violent rages and fights to establish themselves with a â€Å"tough guy† reputation to prevent any sexual misconduct from other inmates. Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun once said, â€Å"Prison rape not only threatens the lives of those who fall prey to their aggressors, but it is potentially devastating to the human spirit. Shame, depression, and a shattering loss of self-esteem accompany the perpetual terror the victim thereafter must endure. † Victims do not only suffer physical consequence due to these rapes. It is very common for victims to develop psychological illnesses as well. Victims of prison sexual assault frequently suffer from rape trauma syndrome or post traumatic stress disorder. Upon release of prison some victims will turn to substance abuse to cope with the emotion and mental damage while incarceration. In some instances victims have been reported to committing suicide, which only adds to fatality factor of this crime. There are some cases in which the victim became so used to being in a homosexual relationship while incarcerated, resulting in him/her to change their sexual orientation. Although homosexuality is not a negative psychological disease, the complete change in sexual orientation itself, due to this rape is not a healthy way to live. Some studies have shown that victims released from jail become much more sexually violent with the female partners. Incarcerated individuals who were raped and psychologically harmed pose as a threat to society because studies have shown that once they are release they become much more violent and anti-social then before they were incarcerated which ultimately make them more susceptible to creating more crimes. You read "Prison Rape" in category "Papers" One of the worse social effects prison rape can have on the public is racism. According to G. J. Knowles black offenders and white victims are more common in male prisons while white offenders and black victims are more common in female prisons. Overtime victims begin to feel a hatred for the offender, which can evolve to a hatred for the offender’s race. Many of the stated problems resulting from prison rape have been used to form movements and organizations to stop prison rape. On September 4th, 2003 President George Bush signed the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (PREC). It is the first United States law passed dealing with prison rape. PREC was supported by numerous diverse organizations. PREA adopted a â€Å"zero-tolerance† policy, aimed to diminish prison rape. PREA also increased the penalties of staff members and officers who are found to be sexually abusing inmates. PREA set standards on how to detect and prevent sexual assault in prisons. Through PREA the Department of Justice was ordered to put the prevention of prison rape as a top priority in prison throughout the United States. The Bureau Of Justice was also order to produce an annual report on prison rape. The DOJ as came up with a review panel that strictly dealt with hearings pertaining to prison rapes. There were also a few bureaus under the Department of Justice such as The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) whose primary role is to award grant funds to state governments for addressing inmate sexual assault, The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) whose role is to research the impact of sexual abuse in prison rape victims, as well as investigating and prosecuting offenders of prison rapes, and The Nation Institute of Corrections (NIC) which trains and educate agencies and correction officers to help reduce sexual abuse in prisons. PREA also fought out to protect the Eighth Amendment (cruel and unusual punishment not me inflicted) right of local, state and federal prisons. One of the most important results of the PREA was the birth of the National Prison Rape Elimination Commission (NPREC). Perk’s mission is to study local, state, and federal government policies and practices on sexual misconduct with in prisons. The commission reports their conclusions and findings to The Congress, The President, and many more important agencies pertaining to this issue. NPREC had 9 commissioners, 3 appointed by the president and 6 appointed by congress. Federal judge Reggie Walton was the commissioner. Other appointed members were John Kaneb, James Aiken, Jamie Felner, Brenda Smith, Gus Puryear, Pat Nolan, and Cindy Struckman-Johnson. Each candidate supplied surveys and in depth analysis of prison rape. Members of the commission research the relationship between prison inmates and the conditions in which they live. There have been other efforts, such as, the House Bill No. 642 try to eliminate prison rapes. Connecticut State Representative Pat Dillon says two types of people are usually targeted in prison, Non-Violent offenders and inmates of small stature. Dillon statesthat simple procedure can be done to prevent a rape attack. She quotes â€Å" You don’t take a 120 pound non-violent offender and put him in a cell with a 200 pound sex offender. † On one hand I agree with Dillon’s idea of matching cellmates according to stature. But on the other hand I insist that this is not a matter that can be easily prevented. Yes separating cellmates due to stature works but it will most certainly no solve the ongoing battle with prison rape. It is a much more complicated situation. One of the main threshold’s to the development of the Prison Rape Elimination Act, was a paper released two years earlier by the Human Rights Watch, titled â€Å"No Escape: Male rape in the US†. Joanne Marnier was the head author of this paper and had advertisements put in prison magazines such as Prison Legal news and Prison Life Magazine. After having these advertisements out, Mariner received letters containing graphic accounts of inmates being sexually assaulted and was very detailed. â€Å"No Escape† surveyed prison systems in 34 states. According to â€Å"No Escape† prisons ran by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice have the worst incidents of prison rapes. Prior to the release of â€Å"No Escape† there were very few studies of prison rape. This paper is noted at the stepping-stone to publicizing how brutal and inhumane these rapes are. In my opinion PREA is a brilliant idea in way to approach this devastating situation, however more need to be done. Because most inmates who were sexually abused will not admit to their abuse, there is a lack in how much help can actually be given. I believe in order to fully solve this prison rape issue, we must first solve the under reported factor of this crime. There have been other organization and movements to stop prison rape. Just Detention International (JDI) is an anti-prison rape organization, created in 1980 by Russell Smith. The original name of the organization was founded as People Organized to Stop the Rape of Imprisoned Persons (POSRIP). Due to its expansion with other countries, such as South Africa, Mexico, Canada, and The Philippines, the organization changed their name. According to the Just Detention website the founder, Russell Smith as well as many of them members of the organization were members of prison rape and are not paid for their work with the organization. JDI was formed during a time when prisoner rape was not so popular and wasn’t an issue to the public. It was one of the only anti-prison rape groups of its time. JDI played a big role with the Prison Rape Elimination Act and worked with Senators and Representatives. JDI played a prominent role in ensuring the PREA follows through with safety from prison rape. JDI has also helped as support systems for individuals who are recently release from jailed and have survived prison rape. Another supportive organization of anti- prison rape is the Human Rights Watch. HRW was actually even responsible for publishing the â€Å"No Escape: Male Rape in the US†. HRW ran several studies on prison rape and concluded that at least 140,000 inmates in United States prisons are most likely to get raped. On the human rights website, many articles are written targeting prison rape as an issue as well. In conclusion, prison rape has been a growing problem that has been kept under wraps for several decades. Prison rape has not only affected inmates but the public as well. Prison rapes have left inmates with deadly diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis, and Syphilis. Victims of prison rape also suffer from psychological disorders and are know to become much more violent and anti social upon release Physical and well as psychological harm to the inmate can spread to the general public upon release. There have been recent efforts to suppress prison rape such as the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003, signed by President George Bush. An important factor branching out from the PREA is the National Prison Rape Elimination Commission, which consisted of 9 individuals who studied on the matter extensively. The commission sought to decline prison rape by visiting prisons and checking up on procedure and making sure the laws passed in the PREA are being played out in prisons. Other non-government organizations have been formed to take a stand against prison rape. Organizations such as Just Detention International and the Human Rights Watch have been a strong force to decline prison rape. Although there have been many efforts to ban these heinous acts, I believe more has to be done because at the end of the day, prison rape is still very existent in today’s prisons. How to cite Prison Rape, Papers

Conceptualising Recovery in Mental Health Rehabilitation Samples

Question: Discuss about the Conceptualising Recovery in Mental Health Rehabilitation. Answer: Introduction: Mental well-being and mental health are the prime aspects of a persons life. WHO statistics have shown that 15 % of the world population suffers from some or the other mental illness. Psychological problems and mental health illness contribute to reduce the quality of life and opportunities for a person. In this essay we would discuss how mental health issues plague the adults in New Zealand. According to a survey conducted for the year 2012-2013 one in every 6 adults is suffering from some mental disorder or illness in New Zealand. These illnesses can be as common as anxiety, bipolar disorder and depression. According to this survey about 200, 000 adults that are around 6 % of the adult population of the country suffers from psychological distress. The highest rate of 24% has been noted for adult women between 35-44 years of age. In this essay the chosen age group are woman age between 35 to 45 years of age, this age were characterized by Erikson as generatively verses self-absorpti on. In general at this stage the middle adulthood tend to be the most productive age towards family, qualification as profession and high social contribution in society to supporting the next generation. On the other hand the feel of frustration and unrealistic goals in life can create self-absorption. If we look deeper middle age women tend to be the subject of reproductive experience of possible pregnancy , infertility and menopause at this strange and early in life. These issue may have the impact on woman physical and mental health such as depression , anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and others mental illnesses. Many researchers have concluded through their studies that social environment is the factor that is prominent in the development of many mental developments. In the recent decades social exclusion/ inclusion has come up numerous times when discussing about social disadvantage. Numerous researches in Europe and UK have been conducted to determine the link between social exclusion and disability but not many studies have been done on the link between social exclusion and mental health issues. According to the paper presented by Susan Cuthbert titled Mental health and Social Inclusion concepts and Measurements adults suffering from mental health issues are the most excluded group in the society. This exclusion affects their everyday lives as they are not able to enjoy their life in community and the society. The Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand and Like Minds, Like Mine conducted a research under the title Respect costs nothing in the year 2004 that reports about the discrimination that the people experience if they suffer from mental illness in the society. People with health issues reported discrimination on all levels in their lives whether it be education, housing, employment in the hands of their family, friends and community. This discrimination forces them to feel excluded from social gatherings and thus preventing them to take part in many activities. Lets first understand what social inclusion means, it is a multidimensional and complex process that involves the denial or lack of resources, services, goods and rights which in turn leads to the inability to take part in activities and to form normal relationships. Only a small portion of the society is subject ed to this discrimination that affects the quality of life of these individuals(Levitas, 2006),(Levitas R, 2007). Social inclusion depends on four systems that are legal and democratic system, the labor market, community system and family and the welfare system. The person only feels a sense of belonging when all the four systems are there. These four systems are equally crucial and important. Social inclusion also depends on the two concepts of rights and participation. When social inclusion has a right based approach citizens are excluded when they are deprived of their citizenship right. This refers to the economic, civil, cultural and social rights of the individuals in the community. The citizens have these rights that are present in international as well as domestic legislature. Huxley in the year 2012 highlighted through his research that right based approach is important in mental health(Huxley P, 2012). It is due to the fact that if a person is excluded that he is being den ied his right that he or she is entitled to. These rights include political and civil rights that they are being denied. The mental health legislature in the New Zealand states that even during treatment these individuals have the right to be treated with respect and dignity whether the treatment is involuntary or voluntary. A participatory approach is the one that focuses on the extent of participation of the individual in their social environment. This approach involves the identification of the activities through which a person is involved in the community and society around them. Some of these activities could be work, education and social interaction with family and friends. Employment is a large component of any ones life but barriers like self-stigma and discrimination affects it. Self-stigma occurs due to lack of self-esteem and confidence which is a result of the discrimination a person faces in the society(Crisp A. H., 2000)(Thornicroft G., 2007). There are also some overl apping concepts with social inclusion some of which are poverty, social model of disability, recovery, quality of life and discrimination(Silver H, 2003). Social inclusion is a more wider and broader term for deprivation in context to poverty. Poverty is material, economic and resource based deprivation that is in total contrast to social inclusion(Morgan C, 2007). In social inclusion loss of meaningful relationship, discrimination and loss of roles occurs that affects the mental well-being of a person(Link B, 2004). Another overlapping concept to social inclusion is Social model of Disability which states that a person suffering from some kind of disability is a disadvantage to the society. Sayce through his research showed the link between the social model of disability and social inclusion(Sayce, 2000). He stressed how people with mental health issues can only achieve social inclusion when our society changes. Other researchers as Repper and Perkins have also supported the need of social reintegration as the most important factor for recovery in mentally ill(Perkins, 2003). These researchers have focused on the society who excludes these people rather than just concentrating on the excluded. Recovery which is living in the absence or presence of a mental illness is used in different ways. It is also used to define the personal journey that a person takes to get well. Social inclusion is included in social recovery but many argue that recovery is linked to medical model and individual pathology. Discrimination and social inclusion are strongly linked as they give rise to one another. Discrimination stands for the unfavorable treatment of a person from another person in similar circumstances or situation. It can be both indirect and direct. This barrier to social inclusion prevents a person to participate in everyday activities and to exercise their rights. There are numerous other barriers to social inclusion such as self-stigma, lack of support and mental impairment. (Hills, 2002) The Blue print II is a bold vision that focuses on improving the mental well-being and health of all New Zealanders. It is a ten year recovery approach that is independent and evidence based advice from the Mental Health Commission of New Zealand. Through this recovery model everyone will participate in protecting the mental well-being. This approach will focus on people who have addiction issues along with mental health problems. It will also focus on indigenous people where Whanau or well-being involves the equal participation of their family members. There are numerous priorities in this model as the Mental Health commission has realized that we need to respond earlier in order to provide a good start to children associated with addiction issues. This model especially focuses on adults that suffer from addiction and mental health issues as these individuals need support to return to normal functioning, to be independent and to remain healthy. The Mental health commission has reali zed that minor changes wont do any good but a stepped care approach is needed to promote self-care. This can only be achieved through ensuring that the ringfence funds that were set in blueprint I stage are flexible enough to extend and integrate all specialist, community and primary services. The monitoring of the model will be done through regular sector visits and public reporting that provides information about the progress at service and population level. The Blueprint I which was published in the year 1998 provided services to the 3% most severely affected people with addiction and mental health issues. But with Blueprint II the Mental Health Commission is broadening the focus through inter agency partners and broader healthcare. This recovery model is also not a government policy same as the Blueprint I as it is an independent advice by the Mental Health Commission of New Zealand. Through 1998 to 2005 with the Blueprint I the policy focus was on severely mentally ill people b ut there is an acknowledgement in the society about the needs of people who are suffering from moderate and mild mental health issues. The mental health addiction strategy TeTehuhu (2005-2015) along with the associated plan Te Kakiri (2006-2015) has broadened the focus from severely affected. Since the year 2005 there is a constant progress in development of primary mental health initiatives that promotes self-help activity such as Like minds, like mine, destigmatisation campaign and The National Depression. Along with this government agencies has increased their focus on addiction and mental health issues by launching initiatives that influence care of young people and support them to get back on the workforce. Adults with addiction and mental health issues are encouraged to take part in building of their own treatment plans. This recovery model has a people directed and people centered approach which works well in partnership with people who suffer from addiction and mental health issues. The model that was already developed and introduced in Blueprint I has only grown stronger with the introduction of Blueprint II. The need to provide stronger partnership in services along with information, self-determination in shaping policies at national level has been recognized. The central point of any social inclusion strategy or initiative is the belief that individuals suffering from mental health issues will make a positive and practical contribution to their surroundings. Arguably the most crucial group to consider in partnership in mental health services formation is the Service users(Gawith, 2006).The Ministry of Health strategic document titled Rising to the challenge 2012-2017: Mental Health and Addiction Service Development plan continues to focus on recovery. Lurie in the year 2005 stated that New Zealand in a way changed the direction as to how mental health policies were formulated and designed. It was in the year 1994 that the New Zealand government following the trend of introducing strategic plans introduced Looking Forward: Strategic directions of The Mental Health services plan. Another plan Moving forward: The National Mental Health Plan for More and Better services in 1997 was introduced that focused on the resources needed. In the year 1998 Like Minds, Like mine was set up that increased the awareness about mental illness through media programs and campaigns. But it was only in the year 2014 that Te Tahuhu, our lives in 2014 that was a New Zealand Mental Health and Addiction plan focused on service users visions. This document was about the Tangata whaiora who is a person seeking wellness. It included the statement that mentally ill people wanted a society and Whanau that values them as participating members who have the same opportunities and rights. Te Tahuhu had an associated plan that was Te Kokiri that provided services that especially focused on the needs of community, Whanau/ family and the service providers. All these strategies and policies emphasize the tenets of social inclusion and stress on the fact that all citizens should have equal opportunities to take part in the society, have productive relationships and involvement in the workforce. These plans focused on building of partnerships between NGOs, mental health services users, clinical provider services and the Ministry of Health. They also highlighted the partnership between education, justice, social services, correction, housing, and employment. Therapeutic relationships and nursing has been the topic of numerous studies since the 1950s. A continued commitment to work in partnership with the mental health patient is needed by every nurse who work with these individuals. Partnership in Coping is a recovery model that was designed in Australia that applied the recovery oriented approach to nursing practice. This model draws on the holistic perspective of mental health nursing(Lloyd C, 2008). Where the nurse has numerous informal contacts with the patient, has a positive and healing relationship with the client and has knowledge about the patient(Webb, 2013). This model focuses on the strengths of the service users. This model focuses on the notion that patient has the understanding about their needs. The nurse should work in collaboration with the patient and consider their cultural beliefs and background(Beggs, 2013). It emphasizes the service user involvement in their recovery. It draws on the commitment of nursing that ther apeutic relationships work well in partnership. This partnership of two people working together in order achieve a common goal works well in mental healthcare(Wand T, 2015). Nurses need to support their patients in understanding their experiences as they should refrain themselves to explain the experiences for the patients(Lowe, 2001). The informal nature and holistic approach are the most crucial aspects of nursing that are needed when working with mental health patients. This model is about six steps which include development of conditions that facilitates the user, identify the concern of the patients, negotiate the goals with the service users, identify the strategies that the patient is using to cope and offer new ones if they are unable to identify the strategies for themselves, apply these strategies and measure the outcome(Martensson, et al., 2014). In each of these steps there is a clear involvement of the service user in their recovery. A nurse should focus on negotiated c are and in the development of a dependable and consistent relationship with the patient. Best way to evaluate patient need in mental health is to focus not only on physical health but the social support interaction for example:- family and social contact, such as friends and community contribution. Encourage and providing an ongoing support from mental health profession team can enhance patient's recovery and promoting social inclusion(Repper, 2010) Conclusion The people who suffer from mental illnesses need psycho-social assistance along with clinical care. They need the support of their family, health professionals and friends to encompass interpersonal relationships, work, education, leisure activities, housing, transport and income. The recovery process for them is a self-directed transition towards a meaningful life but they need continuous support to achieve it. This support involves a range of services, opportunities, social inclusion and responsibility. Therefore to provide an effective mental health care an integration is needed in primary, secondary and tertiary services at all levels. Social stigma, and discrimination faced by the mentally ill are barriers to their recovery therefore awareness is needed in the society. Responsibility and empowerment are key aspects of recovery which health professionals should always focus on(Drinkwater, 2013). They should work on the notion that mentally ill are capable of understanding their n eeds and can work along with them to recover well. As through this essay we came to know social inclusion is linked to a persons recovery it is crucial that the discrimination that these people experience in the society should be minimized(Diener, 2011). This discrimination is impacting their lives and preventing them to enjoy and function normally. 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